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Buyer's Guide
A guide to purchasing wool

WOOL QUALITY
The quality of wool is determined by the following factors: fiber fineness, length, scale structure, color, cleanliness, and freedom from damage. For example merino wool is typically 3-5 inches in length and is very fine. Wool taken from sheep produced for meat typically has fibres that are coarser, of greater diameter, and 1.5 to 6 inches long. Freedom from damage refers to the structure of the wool when it is removed from the sheep and implies that the wool is clean, white, long, fine, and free of defects from the environment.

The amount of crimp corresponds to the fineness of the wool fibres. A fine wool like merino may have up to a hundred crimps per inch, while the coarser wools like karakul may have as few as one to two crimps per inch. The fibre diameter of wool varies from 15 micrometres (superfine merino) to 30 or more micrometres for the coarser wools. The finer diameters are generally more valuable.

After shearing, the wool is separated into five main categories: fleece (which makes up the vast bulk), pieces, bellies, crutchings and locks. The latter four are packaged and sold separately. The quality of fleece is determined by a technique known as wool classing, whereby a qualified Woolclasser tries to group wools of similar gradings together to maximize the return for the farmer or sheep owner.

WHY WOOL?
Wool has many advantages including the following:
 
1. Wool wickens moisture away from the body.
 
2. Wool regulates body temperature keeping you cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter.
 
4. Wool is naturally a fire retardant.
 
5. Wool blankets are versatile - just add or subtract a layer to reach your ideal temperature all year round.

 



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